Dear Readers, I present the true story of Jazz for all lovers of music .Do read the \'Notes\' at the end to know how \'Jass\' became \'Jazz\'! Thanks, - Raj Nandy, New Delhi.
TRUE STORY OF JAZZ MUSIC IN VERSE
INTRODUCTION
Before writing this Jazz Story, I had delved into its
checkered history.
I had ploughed through several articles and books,
to make Jazz better understood.
My love for this music flows in my veins, and from
narrating this story myself I could hardly restrain!
THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE
The story begins some four hundred years ago in history,
Drenched in the blood and sweat of the black slaves
which was no mystery.
Which paints a sorrowful backdrop to our Jazz Story.
It was a time when the English, Spanish, French, Dutch,
and the Portuguese, became frantic,
To gain control of the slave trade across the Atlantic!
Slave trade in those days was a lucrative proposition.
The funds generated had also financed Britain\'s
Industrial Revolution.
In 1619, a Dutch sailing ship had carried the first lot
of fifty slaves from West Africa,
To work in the cotton, tobacco and sugarcane plantations
in the English Colony of Virginia.
Only twenty slaves had survived that perilous Atlantic
journey!
And here my friends lie the roots of my Jazz Story!
While it is true that in New Orleans Jazz got cradled
and nourished.
But Jazz took birth in the regions of Western Africa,
where slave trade had once flourished!
Later many more slaves were transported to work in
the plantations of the Southern States of America.
And in their hearts one could hear the tom-tom beats
of native Africa.
HOLLERS AND WORK SONGS
The slave brought no musical instruments with them.
They worked under the whip lash of their white Overseers
in chains!
But they clung to their music which fed their hope and the
will to survive.
For from the depth of their sorrow and suffering sprung the
rhythm and beat of their life!
While at work they were forbidden to to talk to each other.
So they sang in their rich sing-song voice calling out to to
one another.
This was not understood by their whip-wielding Overseers!
They also called out to other work gangs in distant fields,
Who replied back in a similar fashion to make their
communication network complete.
These \'Hollers\' or \'Work songs\' also helped to lighten the
burden of their treacherous fate!
This \'call and response\' later formed one of Jazz music\'s
basic elements.
As improvised music got composed with Jazz providing a
proper vent.
From their tormented soul they sang to wipe away their
blues.
Giving birth to \'Blue notes\' for WC Handy to pay his dues. (SEE NOTES)
The slaves longed for freedom and emancipation,
Singing their \'negro spirituals\' with faith and devotion!
While singing they often got into a trance, feeling like the
Israelites in bondage in Egypt, destined by fate and chance!
The Mississippi was like the River Jordan across which they
hoped to see, -
A band of angels coming in their chariots to set them free, -
from their suffering, drudgery, and captivity!
Thus \'improvisation\' becomes a vital ingredient of Jazz music.
For freedom of expression is a distinguishing feature which
Jazz for ever seeks!
CONCLUDING PART ONE
Thus jazz had come in chains buried deep inside the black man\'s soul
With an yearning for freedom from torture and suffering which was not
within their control.
The tom-tom beats , the work songs, spirituals, and the blues, -
Were all precursor to jazz, and here I pause to pay my heartfelt dues.
To those valiant predecessors who had come in chains.
Giving a painful birth to \'jass\', from which \'jazz\' gets its name!
Short Notes:
Slaves were sold at 15 dollars per head. Early 1700s saw 75,000 slaves auctioned. By the 1800s there were a million slaves in the US alone. Slaves came from Senegal, Ashantis, Gold Coast, Niger Delta, Dahomey and Congo with their variety of musical beats in their hearts. The Drums were essential for communication in Africa. They also provided the basic beats of jazz music.
\'Blue Music\'= became a part of the cultural landscape of Southern States by early 1900s. Popularised by WC Handy with his song \'Memphis Blues\' in 1914. The reference is to the famous Negro spiritual -\'Swing low sweet chariot...\'
\'JASS\' was originally an Afro-American slang meaning \'sex\', born in the brothels of Storyville in New Orleans, and the jasmine perfumes used by the girls there. One visiting them was said to be \'jassed up\'! Mischievous boys rubbed out the letter \'J\' from the poster announcing \'Lve Jass Show\', making it to read as \'Live Ass Show\'! So the \'ss\' of Jass was replaced by \'zz\' to read as \'Live Jazz Show\'!
\'Improvisation\' = a process of spontaneously creating melodies over the continuously repeating tune making Jazz a highly individualistic musical form! **ALL COPY RIGHTS ARE WITH RAJ NANDY OF NEW DELHI**